AMOC Research Resources

This page brings together AMOC research resources produced by EPOC: open data tools, project deliverables, newsletters and project literature.

All materials are freely available to download or access online.

Data and Tools

AMOC GitHub Community – An open GitHub platform providing shared tools, datasets and standards for researchers working with AMOC data. In response to CLIVAR AMOC Task Team’s call for better data infrastructure, it is designed as a long-term community resource, open to contributions from observational and modelling programmes worldwide.
AMOCatlas – An open-source Python package providing unified access to AMOC transport data from 13 observing sources, including the RAPID, OSNAP, MOVE and SAMBA arrays. It handles downloading, caching and standardisation automatically, delivering all datasets in a consistent format. Researchers can move directly to analysis without writing bespoke data-loading code for each source.
METRIC (Meridional ovErTurning ciRculation diagnostIC) – An open-source Python package for calculating AMOC diagnostics from ocean model output using the same methodology applied at the RAPID, MOVE and SAMBA arrays. It enables genuine like-for-like comparisons between model results and the observational record. An automated validation feature generates reports comparing model transports to available observations.
EPOC Zenodo – EPOC’s open-access archive providing a permanent, citable repository for all project outputs, including datasets, software, reports and publications. All outputs are free to download and align with FAIR data principles, ensuring EPOC results remain accessible and reusable.

Deliverables

EPOC’s formal research outputs are published as project deliverables, covering AMOC observations, modelling, biogeochemistry, future projections and stakeholder engagement. Completed deliverables are available to download in full. Deliverables currently in review will be published once they have passed the project’s internal approval process.

View all EPOC project deliverables.

Project literature

EPOC Newsletter 4, Mar 2026 (PDF, 3.3MB)

Covers new EPOC results, a major cross-disciplinary workshop, and growing media attention on AMOC science.

New Nature paper shows AMOC remained active during the Last Glacial Maximum, 20000 years ago, with deep Atlantic water far warmer than previously thought
Report from the Edinburgh Biogeochemistry workshop. 48 scientists from 22 institutions discussed adding oxygen, carbon and nutrient sensors to AMOC mooring arrays
Coverage of EPOC research reaching the public via Channel 4 News and an event at Glasgow Science Centre
The AMOCatlas open data tool, bringing together AMOC monitoring array observations in a single repository

EPOC Newsletter 3, Jun 2025 (PDF, 4.5MB)

Focuses on EPOC’s return to the NW Atlantic and new work on how AMOC variability drives decadal climate change.

Preview of the M212 expedition aboard RV Meteor to the Flemish Cap and Grand Banks. The mission measured the transport of North Atlantic Deep Water through a critical AMOC transition zone
Research article on how AMOC variability in climate models connects to real-world temperature and precipitation patterns in Europe and beyond
Overview of work on early warning signals for AMOC tipping points
Highlights from the ASOF 2025 workshop and an update on new institutions joining the EPOC consortiu

EPOC Newsletter 2, Aug 2024 (PDF, 1.5MB)

Presents palaeoceanographic findings on the Gulf Stream and a commentary on media reporting of AMOC shutdown.

New research in Nature showing the Gulf Stream was deeper and stronger during the last ice age.
EPOC scientists offer an assessment of AMOC shutdown studies AMOC, putting recent results in context
Field report from the CROSSROAD24 expedition to the Grand Banks and Flemish Cap. The cruise investigated the breakdown of AMOC coherence in the northwest Atlantic Transition Zone
Profiles of EPOC’s early career researchers and a summary of recent conference activity

EPOC Newsletter 1, Dec 2023 (PDF, 2.8MB)

Introduces the project’s early observational work, covering 3 expeditions and an international workshop.

The MSM121 expedition to the Flemish Cap to deploy moorings to measure the leakiness of the DWBC
Fieldwork from the Fram Strait. The data feeds into the first time-varying estimate of freshwater and heat exchange across all four Arctic ocean gateways
A visit to the Bedford Institute of Oceanography. Sediment records from the archive are used to reconstruct past AMOC behaviour over the last 150 years
Summary of the 2023 international AMOC observing workshop in Hamburg, Germany

Poster: EPOC at Arctic Science Summit Week, Mar 2025 (PDF, 3.3MB)

A summary of EPOC’s research on how changes in the Arctic are influenced by the AMOC.

Explains the two-way relationship between AMOC and Arctic change. AMOC-driven heat transport feeds Arctic warming while fresh water from melting ice feeds back into the AMOC.
Analysis of a 30-year hydrographic dataset across the Norwegian Atlantic Current, tracking how Atlantic heat transport through the Nordic Seas changed
A pan-Arctic model quantifying ocean volume, heat and freshwater transports through the four major Arctic gateways

Flyer: EPOC overview at Arctic Circle Assembly, Sep 2023 (PDF, 2.0MB)

A concise introduction to the EPOC project for new audiences, covering its objectives, methods and consortium.

Sets out EPOC’s 5 research aims: (1) assessing AMOC variability; (2) observing meridional connectivity; (3) identifying drivers of recent AMOC change; (4) characterising future AMOC behaviour; and, (5) designing a next-generation observing system
Summarises the 3 methodological pillars: new Atlantic-wide observations (including biogeochemical sensors and palaeoproxy evaluation), high-resolution coupled climate models, and inverse modelling in the Arctic

Useful AMOC links

The following organisations and programmes form part of the wider AMOC research community and offer resources relevant to ocean circulation science.